Module: Toybox.Math

Overview

The Math Module provides various math methods available for use by Apps.

Example:

Prints the circumference of a circle.

import Toybox.System;
import Toybox.Math;
var r = 5;
var circumference = (2 * Math.PI * r);

System.println(circumference);

Example:

Prints the area of a square with Math.pow via direct call.

import Toybox.System;
import Toybox.Math;

System.println(Math.pow(10, 2));

Example:

Solves for c import the Pythagorean Theorem and multiple Math API methods.

import Toybox.System;
import Toybox.Math;
var a = 2;
var b = 3;
var c = Math.sqrt((Math.pow(a, 2) + Math.pow(b, 2)));

System.println(c);

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

Classes Under Namespace

Classes: Filter, FirFilter, IirFilter

Constant Summary

Constant Variables

Type Name Value Since Description
Type E 2.7182818284590452354

API Level 1.0.0

32-bit floating point representation of E

Type PI 3.14159265358979323846

API Level 1.0.0

32-bit floating point representation of PI

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

abs(value as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Numeric

Get the absolute value of a value

Parameters:

Returns:

Since:

API Level 6.0.3

acos(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the arc cosine of an angle.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The interval [0..PI] in radians, or NaN if invalid

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

asin(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the arc sine of an angle.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The interval [-PI/2..PI/2] in radians, or NaN if invalid

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

atan(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the arc tangent of an angle.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The interval [-PI/2..PI/2] in radians, or NaN if invalid

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

atan2(y as Lang.Numeric, x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the arc tangent of y/x in radians.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The principal arc tangent of y/x, in the interval [-PI..PI] radians, or NaN if invalid

    • Float if both inputs are Number or Float

    • Double if either input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.3.0

ceil(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Numeric

Compute the ceiling of a value.

Parameters:

Returns:

Since:

API Level 1.3.0

cos(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the cosine of an angle.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The cosine value of x in radians

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

floor(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Numeric

Compute the floor of a value.

Parameters:

Returns:

Since:

API Level 1.3.0

ln(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get natural logarithm of a value

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    natural logarithm of x

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 2.3.0

log(x as Lang.Numeric, base as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get logarithm of a value using the specified base

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    specified base logarithm of x

    • Float if both inputs are Number or Float

    • Double if either input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

max(a as Lang.Numeric, b as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Numeric

Get the maximum of two values

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Numeric —

    The greater of the two values. If the values are equal, the first value is returned.

Since:

API Level 6.0.3

mean(data as Lang.Array<Lang.Numeric>) as Lang.Double

Get the arithmetic mean (average) of an array of data.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Double —

    The arithmetic mean of the values in data

Since:

API Level 3.1.0

Throws:

min(a as Lang.Numeric, b as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Numeric

Get the minimum of two values

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Numeric —

    The lesser of the two values. If the values are equal, the first value is returned.

Since:

API Level 6.0.3

mode(data as Lang.Array<Lang.Object>) as Lang.Object

Get the most common value found in an array of data.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Object —

    The most frequently occurring value in data.

Since:

API Level 3.1.0

Throws:

pow(x as Lang.Numeric, y as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Calculate x to the power of y.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    x to the power of y

    • Float if both inputs are Number or Float

    • Double if either input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

rand() as Lang.Number

Returns a pseudo-random Number. Use the srand() function to seed the random number generator.

Returns:

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

round(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Numeric

Round a value.

Parameters:

Returns:

Since:

API Level 1.3.0

sin(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the sine of an angle.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The sine value of x in radians

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

sqrt(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Calculate the square root of a value.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The square root of x, or NaN if invalid

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

srand(seed as Lang.Number) as Void

Seed the random number generator.

Note:

srand() does not return any value.

Parameters:

  • seed — (Lang.Number) —

    The value used for seeding rand()

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

stdev(data as Lang.Array<Lang.Numeric>, xbar as Lang.Double or Null) as Lang.Double

Get the standard deviation of a sample of population data.

Parameters:

  • data — (Lang.Array) —

    An array of Number, Float, Long, or Double values with at least two elements.

  • xbar — (Lang.Double) —

    The mean, if known. Otherwise, pass null and the mean of data will be calculated.

Returns:

  • Lang.Double —

    The standard deviation of the samples

Since:

API Level 3.1.0

Throws:

tan(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Get the tangent of an angle.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The tangent value of x in radians Toybox::Lang::Float if input is Toybox::Lang::Number or Toybox::Lang::Float Toybox::Lang::Double if input is Toybox::Lang::Long or Toybox::Lang::Double

Since:

API Level 1.0.0

toDegrees(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Convert an angle from radians to degrees.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The angle of x in degrees

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.3.0

toRadians(x as Lang.Numeric) as Lang.Decimal

Convert an angle from degrees to radians.

Parameters:

Returns:

  • Lang.Float, Lang.Double —

    The angle of x in radians

    • Float if input is Number or Float

    • Double if input is Long or Double

Since:

API Level 1.3.0

variance(data as Lang.Array<Lang.Numeric>, xbar as Lang.Numeric or Null) as Lang.Double

Get the sample variance of an array of data.

Returns the sample variance with Bessel's correction.

Parameters:

Returns:

Since:

API Level 3.1.0

Throws:

Generated Oct 30, 2026, 1:07:32 PM